handling and use, and business management plans for producers. BUSINESS MANAGEMENT FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCERS (2004) – "The material contained in this book is intended to provide the reader with information about biodiesel in four basic areas: 1) Biodiesel and the liquid fuels industry 2) Biodiesel business start-up issues 3) Legal and regulatory issues 4) Operational concerns. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines that is receiving great attention around the world. Although it attracts the most attention because it is renewable, it can be used either pure or in blends with diesel fuel in unmodified diesel engines, and it reduces some exhaust pollutants. What is biodiesel? Biodiesel is defined as the mono-alkyl esters of fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats. In simple terms, biodiesel is the product you get when a vegetable oil or animal fat is chemically reacted with an alcohol to produce a new compound that is known as a fatty acid alkyl ester. A catalyst such as sodium or potassium hydroxide is required. ! Glycerol is produced as a byproduct. The approximate proportions of the reaction are: 100 lbs of oil plus 10 lbs of methanol equals 100 lbs of biodiesel and 10 lbs of glycerol Soybean oil is the most popular feedstock in the United States. Soybeans are a major U.S. crop and government subsidies may be available to make the fuel economically attractive to consumers who need or want to use a nonpetroleum-based fuel. Biodiesel from soybeans is sometimes called soydiesel, methyl soyate, or soy methyl esters (SME). In Europe, most biodiesel is made from rapeseed oil and methanol and it is known as rapeseed methyl esters (RME). The University of Idaho has done considerable work with rapeseed esters using ethanol, which produces rapeseed ethyl esters (REE). Biodiesel can also be made from other feedstocks: Other vegetable oils such as corn oil, canola (an edible variety of rapeseed) oil, cottonseed oil, mustard oil, palm oil, etc. * Restaurant waste oils such as frying oils * Anima! l fats such as beef tallow or pork lard * Trap grease (from restaurant grease traps), float grease (from waste water treatment plants), etc." BIODIESEL HANDLING AND USE GUIDELINES "This document is a guide for those who blend, distribute, and use biodiesel and biodiesel blends. It is intended to help fleets and individual users, blenders, distributors, and those involved in related activities understand procedures for handling and using biodiesel fuels. We hope it will be a useful tool, both when planning biodiesel use and as an ongoing resource. Biodiesel is a renewable fuel manufactured from vegetable oils, animal fats, and recycled cooking oils. Biodiesel offers many advantages: It is renewable; It is energy efficient.; It displaces petroleum derived diesel fuel; It can be used in most diesel equipment with no or only minor modifications; It can reduce global warming gas emissions; It can reduce tailpipe emissions, including air toxics; It is nontoxic, biodegradable, and suitable for sensitive environments; It is made in the United States from either agricultural or recycled resources; It can be easy to use if ! you follow these guidelines." Contents include: Biodiesel Basics; What is Biodiesel? Registration and Regulation; Benefits of Biodiesel Use; Drawbacks of Biodiesel Use; Biodiesel in Non-Transportation Applications; Biodiesel (B100); Quality Specifications; Variation in Biodiesel Properties; Energy Content; B100 Cold Flow Properties; B100 Cetane Number; B100 Stability; B100 Microbial Contamination; B100 Cleaning Effect; B100 Material Compatibility; Suggestions for Transporting B100; Suggestions for Using B100; B100 and NOx Emissions; Using 20% Biodiesel Blends; B20 Cold flow; Blending Biodiesel to Make B20 or Lower Blends; B20 and Emissions; B20 Cleaning Effect; B20 Mat

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