a branch of mathematics. The presentation is scholarly precise, but in an easy-to-understand language. The book is a lot more than gambling and lottery! The author, Ion Saliu, has made important discoveries in probability theory and mathematics in general. For example, the most natural way to calculate e (the base of the … natural logarithm). They will be studied in schools down the road, despite intense attempts to pirate such ideas. The author takes credit for the Fundamental Formula of Gambling (FFG). He has always recognized that FFG started in the 18th century with Abraham de Moivre. The author, however, was the first to bring to light a new law of mathematics: “The degree of certainty increases with the increase in the number of trials, while the probability is a constant.” The “odds” never change, but the degree of certainty always changes. But there is a surprising limit: Absolute certainty is a mathematical absurdity. Nothing is absolutely certain – not even Divinity. Everything comes in degrees of certainty. Not only formulas, but the author has written also appropriate software to do the calculations — most of the software is still unique today and the source code intensely sought-after. Yes, gambling is studied extensively in this book. After all, theory of probability has its birth certificate signed in gambling (Blaise Pascal advising Chevalier de Méré). As of “gambling fallacies” — again, Ion Saliu was the first to demonstrate that the “gambler’s fallacy” and what he calls the “reversed gambling fallacy” are simply mathematical absurdities. The “live” factor: The book analyzes thoroughly repetition of genetic code sequences and chances of repetition of intelligent life in the Universe. The mathematical – and philosophical – analyses are totally unique. The revised 2012 version corrects the display of formulas and fixes typos (especially created by the superscript or the “raise to power” operator).

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