in-service teachers can use to apply the principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) to their lesson planning. UDL lesson planning considers "up front" potential barriers that could limit access to instruction for some learners and helps teachers brainstorm possible solutions before lessons begin. The lessons included in this text are meant as a starting point for general education teachers who have students with special needs in their classrooms and can be adapted for K-12 learners with a wide range of challenges. Metcalf provides one lesson plan at the elementary school level and one at the secondary level for each area of exceptionality.

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