Ground work which may precede the struggle is explored, as well as basic requirements for effectives. Then the focus turns to the initial impact of the nonviolent challenge. Repression is probable. Determined, yet nonviolent, continued resistance is needed to fight it. The opponent's repression may rebound by 'political jiu-jitsu', weakening his power by loss of support and increased resistance. Three main mechanisms by which nonviolent action may produce vitory are examined: conversion (the rarest), accomodation, and nonviolent coercion. Massive noncooperation may paralyze and disintegrate even an oppressive system. All these elements of the dynamics of nonviolent struggle are illustrated with examples. The resisting group itself is also changed: it gains in self-respect, confidence and power. Empowerment of the struggle group, the accompanying strengthening of the non-State institutions, ability to defeat repressive elites, and the extension among the populace of a nonviolent struggle capacity, contribute to long-term social changes by redistributing power."

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