cultural contradictions and social tensions emerging from their varied perspectives as farmers and entrepreneurs, schoolboys and elders, married and free women, rulers and ruled, Muslim scholars and spirit workers. Though sharing many terms of debate, Fulbe persons passionately argue about Muslim ideals and 'pagan' practices, about Fulbe tradition and national reform, and about local histories and global flows. In Fulbe culture, social worlds are articulated and transformed through narrative and embodied performance.

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