Act of 1964. Specifically, Mark Edward Braun's dramatic social history examines seven anti-poverty programs?Community Action Programs (CAPs)?started in Milwaukee in the 1960s. Braun's research confirms that, unlike most other cities, Milwaukee's deteriorating urban neighborhoods were transformed by these initiatives. CAPs successfully empowered Milwaukee's poor, made public officials and institutions more accountable to the needs of the poor, reformed punitive legislation, created new community-based organizations, expanded social services for people of color, and challenged elites. This book provides an excellent framework for future studies that will add to the current scholarly interest in the long-term results of CAPs. Braun simultaneously dispels the myth that CAPs were a categorical failure, and brings a provocative new voice to urban studies, social activism, policy studies and political science.

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