but realises the environmental quality desired by changing the general context. The publication is composed of four main parts. The framework for analysis and the normative principles for policy design and evaluation, (the first two parts) form the analytic core. The framework for analysis gives a classification of instruments in terms of permutations of a limited number of defining elements. The normative principles guide choices in instrument design and, as the flexible response strategy, guide their application in specific policies. Detailing two main new instruments - the standard method for LCA and the substance deposit - and applying the instrument strategy as developed to the cases make up the next two parts. Readers from different backgrounds might be interested in different sections. Social scientists and policy scientists might concentrate on the framework, while those engaged in the theory of policy development and policy analysis, including strategic analysis, might find items of prime interest in the part on principles. Those interested in specific environmental problems may find particular value in the extensive case studies.

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