how well they are learning. Mary Shea, Rosemary Murray, and Rebecca Harlin offer an overarching framework for assessment as well as a specific implementation plan. CARP (Collect, Analyze, Report, Plan) is a clear, concise assessment system that frames the goals and objectives of assessment, while TWIN is a specific portfolio-based means to show evidence of Thinking, Work samples, In-the-classroom benchmarks, and Norm-referenced or other standardized achievement testing. Together, CARP and TWIN simplify assessment by breaking it down into manageable chunks, while, at the same time, making information readily available to plan your teaching or substantiate student achievement.

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