projects, and services for decision purposes. It also familiarizes the engineer with operations and operational feasibility necessary to considerations of the design process. Chapter topics cover economic and cost concepts; interest formula; calculations of economic equivalence; equivalence involving inflation; bases for comparison and decision-making among alternatives; evaluating production operations and replacement alternatives; accounting; income taxes in economic analysis; decisions under risk and uncertainty and involving multiple criteria; and estimating economic elements. For a basic understanding of mathematical modeling in complex operational systems, essential to a growing number of engineers today.

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