on theories and research without the proper context; offer strong, consistent pedagogy, including a balanced, unified treatment of the main types of financial investments as mirrored in the investment world; and, organize topics in a way that makes them easy to apply - whether to a portfolio simulation or to real life - and support these topics with hands-on activities. The approach of this text reflects two central ideas. First, there is a consistent focus on the student as an individual investor or investments manager. Second, a consistent, unified treatment of the four basic types of financial instruments - stocks, bonds, options, and futures - focusing on their characteristics and features, their risks and returns, and the markets in which they trade.

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